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Accreditation Standards

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2. Curriculum

2.1. Educational goals

  • The candidate institution shall describe the scope and details of the veterinary curriculum (hereafter ¡°curriculum¡±) to be undertaken by its students in light of its educational goals and the competences required by the veterinarians of the future. Such educational goals and competences must be concretely reflected in the actual curriculum.

2.1.1. The candidate institution has educational goals that describe in detail the competencies - knowledge, skills, and attitudes required by students who have undergone its curriculum.

  • [DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:]
  • The candidate institution shall describe its educational goals and academic outcome indicators, as well as the process wherein such educational goals were established, the evaluation of results, and any reorganized proceedings. The candidate institution shall also describe its own specialization programs as well as the competences it expects of graduates who have undergone its curriculum.
    Educational goals: This shall refer to the detailed list of capabilities expected of students who have successfully undergone the veterinary education offered by the candidate institution in order to objectively measure the results of education.
  • [Sample educational goals]
  • Graduates must be able to understand the symptoms of animal diseases, and be familiar with all the details of general management of the diagnosis and treatment thereof.
    Graduates must be able to apply all universal infection control regulations throughout all clinical proceedings.
  • [REFERENCE DATA:]
  • - ADDENDA:
    2-1. Documentation of the candidate institution¡¯s educational goals and academic outcome indicators (or competences)
  • 2.1.2. The candidate institution strives to properly reflect its educational goals in its actual curriculum, and such efforts are properly evaluated.
    • [DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:]
    • The candidate institution shall explain how each educational goal is realized within the individual subjects in its curriculum. The candidate institution must also regularly evaluate progress in the attainment of its educational goals, and must verify what improvements may be made in its curriculum using the results of such evaluations, based upon which it must supplement its educational goals. Educational programs must consist of subjects that can solve real problems, and students must attain a certain number of credits in specialty areas within a particular subject to graduate from the candidate institution.
    • [REFERENCE DATA:]
    • - ADDENDA:
      2-1. Structure of educational relationships for the educational goals of the candidate institution
      2-2. Subjects and methodologies that realize the educational goals and specialty education programs (chart)
      2-3. All subjects for each school year (chart)
  • 2.1.3. Spending for laboratory classes and clinical practice per student is at appropriate levels.
    • [DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:]
    • The candidate institution shall describe the details of its budget for the last three years for the experimental and clinical training it uses to provide practical experience for its students in light of its educational goals. The candidate institution must assess spending on experimental and clinical training per student, (i.e. ¡°total practical training expenses ¡À total number of students¡± among total student expenses in the budget) and submit the results, while describing the effects of its practical training, as well as areas for improvement.
    • [REFERENCE DATA:]
    • - ADDENDA:
      2-4. Table of criteria for allocation of experimental and clinical training expenses per student

    2.2. Curriculum design and management

    • The candidate institution shall design its curriculum by systematically devising and organizing the content of its educational and learning activities in light of its educational goals. The candidate institution shall also present educational methods that can increase learning effects, and shall demonstrate regular efforts to evaluate and improve its curriculum.

    2.2.1. The candidate institution develops and operates its curriculum based on design principles and learning outcome drawn from research on higher education.

    • [DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:]
    • The candidate institution shall describe the principles it has used to develop its existing curriculum, and the reasoning behind and the proceedings used for any recent restructuring thereof. The candidate institution shall also describe the structure of its curriculum (e.g. ¡°integrated curriculum,¡± ¡°problem-based learning curriculum,¡± ¡°basic and elective curriculum,¡± and any clinical training programs, etc.) and the means with which it coordinates between basic and clinical subjects, and theoretical and practical education. Furthermore, the candidate institution¡¯s curriculum cannot be a simple list of courses, but must clearly specify the relationship between prerequisites, post requisites, and other classes.
      The candidate institution shall disclose the ratio of hours of theory classes versus of practical training (including clinical training), as well as the ratio of hours of clinical versus non-clinical practicum. ¡°Theory classes¡± as used herein refers to the total number of hours of lecture classes provided to all students per year. The candidate institution shall disclose if there are any agreements between itself and farms, breeding centers, operating animal hospitals, veterinary related government organizations, meat processing or milk plants, pharmaceutical plants, zoos, and outside research institutions etc., relating to support of veterinary medical education. The candidate institution shall also indicate whether such support is provided only to certain selected students, or to all of its students, and shall describe the details of the education provided.
      * Extramural placement shall not be included in hours of practical training.
    • [REFERENCE DATA:]
    • - SUBMITTED DOCUMENTATION:
      2-2. Principles for design and development of the curriculum of the candidate institution, and information on development proceedings (minutes of meetings and other related data, MOU etc.)
  • 2.2.2. The candidate institution implements education that cultivates students¡¯ abilities to apply their veterinary knowledge and skills and to solve problems.
    • [DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:]
    • The candidate institution shall describe its curriculum in terms of its coordination of basic, clinical, and professional ethics related subjects. The candidate institution shall also explain the details of the relevant subjects, and explain how the objectives of professionalism related education are achieved in the makeup of the faculty and in student evaluations (via the drafting of survey questions etc.).
    • [REFERENCE DATA:]
    • - ADDENDA
      2-4. Relevant subjects offered in the curriculum (chart)
      2-5. Current status of meetings for relevant subjects offered in the curriculum (chart)
      2-6. Lecture plan for relevant subjects offered
      2-7. Student feedback on relevant subjects
  • 2.2.3. The candidate institution uses proper teaching method to increase learning outcome and to cultivate a proactive attitude of self-directed learning.
    • [DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:]
    • The candidate institution shall describe the ways in which its teaching methods (e.g. lectures, problem based learning, class projects, discussions, and class presentations) are applied in the subjects it offers. The candidate institution shall also describe its reasons for choosing the teaching methods currently in place, the educational results thereof, and the degree of student achievement, as well as the way in which time is allotted within the curriculum to allow students to reflect on and review what they have learned, and to develop a proactive attitude toward learning.
    • [REFERENCE DATA:]
    • - SUBMITTED DOCUMENTATION:
      2-3. Educational data used in the practice of class methodology and results thereof
      2-4. Results of student evaluation on class methodology and interviews
  • 2.2.4. The candidate institution evaluates whether its curriculum is achieving its educational goals, and it is making the necessary improvements.
    • [DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:]
    • The candidate institution shall describe the methods it uses to evaluate and assess the capabilities and fitness of upcoming graduates. The candidate institution shall also disclose the details of its method of evaluation of its curriculum (including surveys/lecture evaluations for students and faculty, survey questions, evaluation cycles, and means of data collection etc.), and shall describe the most recent instance where it has improved the curriculum by applying the results of its regular curriculum evaluations.
    • [REFERENCE DATA:]
    • - SUBMITTED DOCUMENTATION:
      2-5. Evaluations undertaken by upcoming graduates, and analysis of graduation exams (including thesis evaluations when theses have been prepared)
      2-6. Surveys on lectures and curriculum, and results of survey analysis
      2-7. Curriculum evaluation and minutes of meetings held to improve the curriculum

    2.3. Pre-clinical curriculum

    • The candidate institution¡¯s curriculum must provide a balanced distribution of subjects in terms of both content and time, so that students can acquire knowledge of basic veterinary medicine and experimental techniques with respect to the primary diseases that affect animals, and their associated pathology, diagnosis, and treatment, by understanding the normal structures of animals, and their functions, interactions, and underlying principles.

    2.3.1. The candidate institution has provided basic veterinary medical courses required in understanding the fundamental structures and functions of animal and the cause of animal disease. An evaluations of student achievement in basic courses uses diverse methods to assess their knowledge, skills, and attitudes in connection with program of the clinical practice.

    • DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:
    • The candidate institution shall describe how and in what school year, basic veterinary medicine classes required for understanding the fundamental structures, functions, and causes of animal disease are established and provided, and shall describe the ways in which each basic veterinary medicine class provides education in light of each educational goal. The candidate institution shall also describe how its evaluation of its basic veterinary education is connected to clinical practice, and shall disclose its method of evaluation of students¡¯ knowledge, skills, and attitudes in respect of each basic veterinary subject. In addition, the candidate institution shall describe the criteria for grading used in each evaluation method.
    • REFERENCE DATA:
    • - ADDENDA:
      2-8. Subject curriculum for basic veterinary medicine courses (chart)
      2-9. Lecture plans for basic veterinary medicine subjects
      2-10. Faculty overseeing practical training in basic veterinary medicine and practical training guidance plans
    • - SUBMITTED DOCUMENTATION:
      2-8. Homework and reports for each basic veterinary medicine subject
      2-9. Exam contents (midterms / finals/ other exams)
      2-10. Lecture evaluations for each subject, and results analysis table for student lecture evaluations
    • - ON-SITE CONFIRMATION:
      1. Interviews with students

    2.4. Clinical curriculum

    • The candidate institution¡¯s clinical curriculum shall provide a balanced distribution of content and class time to enable acquisition of the basic knowledge and skills required to resolve issues in animal disease. In addition, the candidate institution must provide choices in practical training locations and educational methods that allow students to directly experience such education, and objectively evaluate the knowledge and techniques acquired by students.

    2.4.1. Clinical practice is based on primary veterinary care (general practice) as its educational goal, and all pre-clinical and clinical courses are connected to securing competencies of primary care.

    • DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:
    • 2.4.1. Is clinical training based on primary veterinary care (general practice) as its educational goal, and are all pre-clinical and clinical stages of training appropriately connected to securing competences of primary care?
    • REFERENCE DATA:
    • - ADDENDA:
      2-11. Clinical subject curriculum (chart)
      2-12. Clinical subject lecture plans
      2-13. Clinical training organizational table and clinical training method data for each subject
    • - SUBMITTED DOCUMENTATION:
      2-11. Clinical training execution data for each subject
      2-12. Student evaluation statements on clinical training and results
    • - ON-SITE CONFIRMATION:
      1. Interviews with students
  • 2.4.2. Evaluations of clinical education assess clinical competencies including knowledge, skills, and attitudes, and the accuracy and degree of performance ability in undertaking clinical practice are verified in an integrated manner throughout the entire process of clinical practice.
    • DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:
    • The candidate institution shall describe how it performs evaluations of students in each clinical subject in respect of their knowledge, skills, and attitudes, and shall disclose its grading criteria for each evaluation method. In addition, the candidate institution shall describe how it evaluates students¡¯ abilities in patient diagnosis, communication with patient guardians, and decision making ability.
    • REFERENCE DATA:
    • - ADDENDA:
      2-14. Table of evaluation methods for clinical subjects
    • - SUBMITTED DOCUMENTATION:
      2-13. Student evaluation results (student chart recording results attained by the evaluator, and case evaluation data etc.)
      2-14. Distribution table of student grades for clinical training evaluations
    • - ON-SITE CONFIRMATION:
      1. Interviews with students in clinical training evaluations
      2. Curriculum area
  • 2.4.3. Clinical practice guidelines are provided, and these guidelines include basic techniques, handling of medical equipment and instructions on their uses, etc. There is a designated on-site faculty member supervising the clinical practice, and guidance, monitoring, and feedback is provided to students.
    • DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:
    • The candidate institution shall describe the formation and process for drafting the clinical training guidelines, as well as the proceedings and details thereof (including basic techniques, use of medical instruments, management of the treatment environment, dialogue with patient¡¯s guardians, and legal/ethical issues). The candidate institution shall also describe how it handles training with respect to diagnosis, treatment, waste disposal, hygiene, and disinfection. In addition, the candidate institution shall provide detailed descriptions of the faculty member responsible for the clinical training site and/or the full-time veterinarian exclusively responsible for education, and shall disclose the list of trainees, as well as the timing and method used for providing guidance, monitoring, and feedback to students.
    • REFERENCE DATA:
    • - ADDENDA:
      2-15. Guidelines and organizational table for clinical training for each subject
      2-16. Names of the faculty responsible for the clinical training site, the full-time veterinarian exclusively responsible for education, and the list of trainees
    • - SUBMITTED DOCUMENTATION:
      2-15. Primary care clinical training guidelines and current status of distribution thereof
      2-16. Clinical training performance data for each subject
      2-17. Student evaluations and evaluation results for clinical training
    • - ON-SITE CONFIRMATION:
      1. Results of lecture evaluations when interviewing students

    2.5. Professional ethics curriculum

    • Veterinary education cannot achieve its educational goals solely by imparting knowledge of and providing training in natural science. Accordingly, in addition to instruction in veterinary medicine, the candidate institution must provide education and experience with respect to professional and ethical standards, including instruction on effective communication with patients¡¯ guardians, and other members of the treatment team, and in social and cultural matters required for the undertaking of veterinary duties.

    2.5.1. The candidate institution provides lectures on diverse subjects with respect to professional conducts such as animal welfare and medical ethics, etc., related with veterinary medicine. The candidate institution maintains opportunities of field experience related with professional education, veterinary volunteer program, and community service programs.

    • DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:
    • The candidate institution shall describe the subjects in its curriculum that handle issues of animal welfare and medical ethics, including animal welfare in veterinary medicine, ethics and responsibilities of veterinarians, professional conducts, and critical thinking. The candidate institution shall also describe its learning goals and educational methods with respect to the relevant subjects, and shall describe its methods and efforts for securing the faculty that oversee research, development, and operations in its professional ethics education. Furthermore, the candidate institution shall describe the field experience education it provides, and the categories and methods of operating its community service programs as they relate to its professional ethics instruction, as well as related student participation rates and administrative and financial support.
    • REFERENCE DATA:
    • - ADDENDA:
      2-17. Professional ethics subject curriculum (chart)
      2-18. Professional ethics subject lecture plans
      2-19. Description of field experience education and community service programs for the last three years (organization chart)
    • - ADDENDA:
      2-18. Surveys on student response and analysis of results 2-19. Field experience education and community service program plans and results
  • 2.5.2. The candidate institution properly evaluates students¡¯ outcome in its professional ethics curriculum.
    • DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:
    • The candidate institution shall furnish its records of evaluation of student achievement in its professional ethics curriculum, and describe the methods of evaluation thereof, and shall provide the results of lecture evaluations.
    • - SUBMITTED DOCUMENTATION:
      2-20. Class output in the professional ethics curriculum (student reports, exam data)
      2-21. Student impressions regarding the professional ethics curriculum
    • - ON-SITE CONFIRMATION:
      1. Interviews with students

    2.6. Propriety of clinical training support

    • The candidate institution shall secure sufficient animal hospital facilities and clinical cases to provide clinical training to students, as well as sufficient student use facilities and operating systems to increase educational effects.

    2.6.1. The candidate institution has the veterinary medical teaching hospital (VMTH) for clinical practice, and VMTH has sufficient facilities and educational systems for students¡¯ clinical practice.

    • DESCRIPTION GUIDLINES:
    • The candidate institution shall describe the overall scale of the animal hospital, its role as a veterinary medical teaching hospital, the status of its facilities and equipment for clinical training, and its clinical cases for education. If the clinical training facilities are not the exclusive property of the candidate institution, the candidate institution shall explain the legal and systemic basis it maintains for operating clinical training for students, and shall describe its decision making structure with respect to education. The candidate institution shall also describe the overall scale of the student clinic and the conditions of operation for clinical training. Furthermore, the candidate institution shall describe the term of extramural clinical training, the number of clinical training livestock animals per student, and the goals and results of animal autopsies.
    • REFERENCE DATA:
    • - ADDENDA:
      2-20. Veterinary college¡¯s facilities status table for clinical training
    • - ON-SITE CONFIRMATION:
      1. Scale, and facilities and equipment of VMTH, and clinical cases
      2. Status of student use space in VMTH and current use
      3. Confirmation of exclusive supervisory personnel for clinical training
      4. Current status of maintenance and management for facilities and equipment for clinical training at VMTH
      5. Scale of the student clinic and associated facilities and equipment

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